Did Indonesian President Sukarno Have 57 Tons of Gold in a Swiss Bank?

Thus, there are no records of gold transactions between Sukarno and Kennedy. Although gold bars bearing Sukarno's face have appeared in several areas, such as Kebumen, Jambi, and South Sumatra, their authenticity remains unverified.

Sukarno's family has also never made a statement regarding the authenticity of Sukarno's gold bars in Swiss banks.

Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perpu) No. 19 of 1960, issued by Sukarno, became the legal basis for collective donations of 5 percent from every Indonesian state-owned company as an emergency reserve fund.

A direct witness, Brigadier General (Ret.) Suhardiman, testified that he, as the President Director of PT Jaya Bhakti, regularly contributed 5 percent of the company's profits.

He also knew that not only his company did this, but all state-owned companies, including Dutch ones, did so.

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The amount reportedly reached billions of dollars. Then, there are allegations that the emergency funds consisted of certificates and gold bullion stored at Barclay's International Bank in London and the Guyerzeller Zurmont Bank in Switzerland.

Meanwhile, if we refer to historical data, there are questions about the veracity of claims regarding President Sukarno's treasure.

History records that during his tenure as president, Sukarno lived in considerable economic hardship.

In an interview with US journalist Cindy Adams, Sukarno revealed that his presidential salary was only US$220 and that he owned no personal assets such as a house or land.

This raises doubts about the possibility of Sukarno possessing as much gold as the legend claims.

Sukarno's eldest son, Guntur Soekarnoputra, also confirmed his father's financial situation.

In an opinion column in Media Indonesia, Guntur revealed that Sukarno had lived in poverty since before becoming president, often borrowing money from friends.

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Indonesian historian Ong Hok Ham also highlighted the implausibility of this claim. According to Ong, there is no evidence to suggest that Sukarno inherited wealth from the Islamic Mataram kingdom, as the legend claims.

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